Carbureter.



T. J. HART.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. ze, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patents@ Aug. 29, 1911.

tez /f I,

SSI m h a UC fc l T. J. HART,

ARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.2,1909.

Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT .oEEicE.

THOMAS J. HART, OF .TEVYETTVILLE,v NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO SHERWOOD MANFAC- TURING COMPANY, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

Application filed November 26, 1.909. Serial No. 529,854.

To all whom it may concern: y

vBe it known that I, THOMAS J,.2HART, a citizenl of the United States, 'residing at- Jewettvillefin the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements-in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates morev particularly 'i to that class of Icarbureters in which the main supply of the gasolene or other liquid fuel is controlled by means of\a wfloat-op-f erated valve and in which the gasolene is, delivered into the air by means of a plu;

rality of jets or nozzles, andthe air supply is controlled or regulated by the variation 'in the suction of the engine with which the carbureter is connected.

It is the object of this invention to provide a carbureter of this character which permits -of obtaining a more intimate .mixture'of the air and gasolene, which permits of .conveniently and reliably regulating the volume of mixture supplied to the engine and to provide improved means for regulatresponding parts throughout the severalviews.

A represents the gasolene supply' or Heat chamber provided with a lateral extension a on one side thereof and having' an opening in its .top which is normally closed by a detachable cover al.

B represents a gasolene supply nozzle which opens at its upper end into the lower end of thel gasolene chamber extension while' its lowerl end is adapted to be connected in any suitable manner with the gasolene supplyv tank. The upper end of the supply nozzle forms a valve-seat and the discharge of gasolene fromthis nozzle into the gasolene chamber is controlled by' means of a vertically movable valve C guided in a bracket c above the nozzle and provided on 'its lower end with a packing c1 of cork or similar material which is adapted to engage with the upper end of the nozzle and close the passage thereof. The opening and closing of the gasolene valve C is eifected automatically so as tolmaintain the gasolenev substantially at the'same level within the gasolenechamber, this being preferablyefected by means of a vertically-movable' oat D arranged in the gasolene chamber and provided centrally with a guide rod d extendingwith its upper and lower ends above the top and bottom of the fioat, and a verticallyswlngmg rock lever pivoted on the adjacent part of the gasolene chamber and provided with a forked inner arm e which engages with an annularly grooved collar g on the upper end vof the float rod and a bifurcated or forked outer arm el which engages with a horizontal pin It on the upper end of the gasolene valve C. When thev level ofthe gasolene in the gasolene chamber drops below normal, the descent of the oat causes the gasolene valve C to be raised and permit gasolene to flow from the nozzle into said chamber land when sufficient gasolene has been admitted to the chamber to bring the level of the same againI up to normal, the rising of the float by means of the rock lever e, el ope-rates to depress the main gasolene valve and close the supply nozzle. The float is preferably guided in its vertical movement by engaging the lower end of its rod with a vertical guidewa-y d1 on the bottom of the float chamber while the upper -end of its rod projects into the lower end of a tubular priming and vent tube I', the interior. of which communicates at its lower end wit-h the top of the oat chamber while its upper end opens intothe atmosphere. The lower end of this priming and vent tube is guided in the lowerA part 'of the cover of the oat chamber while its upper end is guided in a'plug J having a screw connection at its lower end with a recess or pocket j formed in the cover al around the priming tube. The latter is yieldingly held in its uppermost `position by means of a spring z' surrounding the priming tube and bearing with its ends againstl the bottom of the ref cess j-and the underside of a collar or flange 1 onl the priming tube, the upward moveso as to forma downwardly-facing inter-4 nal shoulder i2 which normally is arranged above the upper end of t-he'oat rod a suHicientdistance to permitthe oat and theparts connected therewith to freely rise and,

fall for automatically maintaining the level of .the gasolene in the tloat chamber. When it is desired to prime or flood the carbureter this is effected by depressing the priming tube I so that its internal shoulder 2 envcoupling tu gages with the up er end of the float rod and depresses the Ilatter together with.,v the fioat, thereby causing the level of the gasolene to rise for the purpose mentioned. Upon releasing the downward ressure on the priming tube, the saine wil be automatically returned to its elevated position by means of the 'spring z'.

From the lower end of the gasolene chamber opposite the main gasolene valve C, the gasolene passes horizontally'and laterally through a conduit or passage K formed in the bottom of a main air supply chamberl L. On the side of the `main air supply chamber opposite to the ioat chamber, theformer is provided with an inlet port or passage L1 which extends laterally and downwardly and is preferably covered by a screen L2 of Wire or similar` material so as to prevent any large impurities in the air from being carried into the carbureter.l Arranged vertically within a cylindrical opening lc tormedin the bottom of this main air suppl chamber is an upright cylindrical cou ling tube k1 which is provided on its perip ery opposite the outlet end of the conduit K with an annularly v -reduced portion forming an annular passage 7a2 for gasolene between the bore of the opening 7c and the riphery of the coupling tube. The bottom oimthis annular passage and the bore of the coupling tube are connected by a plurality ofradial ports or passages k3, as shown in Fig. l, whereby the gasolene from the float chamber is permitted to pass into the coupling) tube. At its upper end the e is provided with an outlet valve port or opening l which is preferably conical and forms the seat for a conical needle regulating valve Z1 arranged in the coupling tube below the valve seat and movable toward and from thelatter for varying the amount of gasolene which may pass through the conical seat Z. The regulating valve' is arranged uponl the upper end of astem Z2 the -lower part of which is screw threaded externally and works in a `screw lug Z3 which is secured'in the lower end oft e coupling tube'. Upon turning the valve. stem 1n one direction, its needle valve moves't'oward the seat of the opening Z and reduces the io'w of gasolene through the same,`w-hile upon turning the stem in thel opposite direction-this valve willI be moved away from its Seat and permit an increase of flow of gasolene through the opening l, this turning of the stem being effected by means of an external handle or thumb piece Z4 secured to `the lower end thereof. The coupling tube is preferably held in rplace by means of a collar or shoulder Z5 at its lower end engaging with the underside of the bottom of the main air chamber and an upright post iM connected by a'screw joint at its lower end.with,

the upper end of the coupling tube and bearing against the upper side of said bottom.`

Immediately above the oulet or port of the needle regulating valve theJ post M isprovided with a gasolene distributin vchamber l m which communicates with said port Z and is provided with ,a plurality of. laterally and` upwardlyprojecting inclined gasolene delivery jets or nozzles m1, three of such nozzles being shown for example, amty being arranged equidistant annularly around the lower part of the. post.

N represents .an air and gasolene mixing tube which surrounds the central part of the upright post M and whichl is'contracted between its lower inlet endy and its up'per outlet end and flares both downwardly and upwardly from said contracted part. The lower or inlet end of the mixing tube proioo jects downwardly through an opening nin i the top rn.1 of the main air supply chamber .this portion of the mixing tube.

Extending upwardly from the top 'of the main air suppiy chamber is a cylindrical shell O the bore of which is engaged about l midway of its height by a cylindrical enlargement olat the upper end of the mixing tube, thereby forming between this shell and the periphery of the mixing tube an auxiliary air supply chamber P which communi-y cates with the upper part of the upwardlyflaring outlet part of the mixing tube by means of'upwardly and inwardly-inclined auxiliary air passages 79 extending'througli the mixing tube immediately below the enlargedy upper end thereof.

The upper end of the mixing tube is covon the post M. The mixing tube and its l ered by a head Q which is preferably made lseparate'therefromand engages its periphery with the bore of the shell and is pro-..-

vided with a central opening g whichA receives the upper reduced part or shank m2 purpose.

The annular space between` the mixing tube and the post is divided into a plural-- ity of longitudinal mixing passages Aby means of a plurality of radial longitudinal partitions or wings r, r, r which are arranged equidistantia'nnularly in the space between the-mixing tube and the post and extend from the bore of themixing tube to the post. These partitions or wings are preferably formed integrally with the mixing tube andv fit closely at theirfinner edges against the periphery of the postbut these parts may be otherwise constructed, if desired. Each of the partitions is also arranged spirally or inclined lwith reference .to the axis of the post and mixing tube. Intothe lower end of each of the mixing passages which are formed by these parti- 'tions one of the gasolene delivery nozzles projects. The head of the mixing `tube is also provided with a plurality of mixture' outlet openings or ports'A g1,-g2, g3 one for each of the mixing passages of the mixing tube.

vAbove the mixing tube' and within the upper part of the shell O is arranged a mixture outlet chamber S the top s of which is 'securedby bolts s1 or otherwise to the upper edge of the shell O. From the mixture outlet chamber the mixture of gasolene and airis delivered to the conduit leading to the engine by means of. a delivery nozzle s2 arranged centrally on the top s of the outlet chamber. i v

When the engine is in operation, its piston during the suction stroke draws the external air upwardly through-the mainair inlet L1, main ari-r chamber, the several mixing passages, outlet ports q1, g2, g3 mixture -out'let chamber S, and delivery nozzle s2 tothe engine cylinder and as the air passes the gasolene delivery nozzles within the mixing tube the gasolene is withdrawn from the same and carried forward with the air.

The gasolene .issuing from these nozzles upon striking the lower downwardly-liaring part of the mixingtube is deflected and divided finely-so that it is in a good condition to become mixed with'the air which is movingforwardly with the same. fAs the air and gasolene move together through the several mixing passages, the spiral or inclined partitions of the latter impart la spiral whirling motion to the air and lgasolene vapors, thereby further commingling 1,001,950 i Y la the elements of this mixture. Owing to the division of the mixing tube into a plurality of passages, each of which receives a part ofthe air and the gasolene to be mixed, the `operation of mixing these ingredients is apportioned between the several mixing members and causes a thorough mixture of the entire volume before the same is delivered to the engine, thereby increasing the etliciency of 'the mixture and insuring more completecombustion of the same.

eans are provided which automatically increase the supply of air to the gasolene at the lower or inlet end of the mixing tube to suit the speed of the engine at low speeds and which also operate to provide an additional supply'of air through the auxiliary air ports of the mixing tube above the gasolene nozzles when the engine is running at or near its maximum speed. The preferred means for thispurpose which are shown in the drawings are constructed as follows:

T represents an upright cylindrical guideway which opens at its lower end into the side of the air inlet L1 of the main air supply chamber while its upper end communicates by a lateral passage with the side of the auxiliary air supply chamber. Sliding vertically in this cylindrical guideway is an inverted cup-shaped cylindrical air valve U which opens downwardly and is provided near its closed top with an annular row of airports or openings u extending from the bore tothe periphery thereof. In its lowermost position this valve projects partway across the inlet L1 of the main air supply passage, vits movement in this direction being limited by a shoulder or stop u1 formed on the interior of the main air inlet and adapted to be engaged by the lower edge of the air valve. The latter is yieldingly held inthis position by means of a spiral spring V bearing with its lower end against the upper side of the air valve while its upper end bears against the underside of av screw plug c working in a screw cap el which closes an opening z2 in the top of the lateral passage t. The air valve U is passed through the opening c2 in assembling the Darts or dismembering the same for repairs. The spring rV is preferably confined in place by means of a ide rod c3 arranged within the spring an secured at its-lower end to the topk of the air valve while its upper end passes through an 'opening in the screw plug e. v

Upon starting the engine, the air Valve is in its lowermost position in which a minimum supply of air is admittedto the gasolene nozzles andmixing tube. As the engine acquires speed, the exhaustion of air from the space above the air valve lthrou h the auxiliary air. ports vwhich connect t e same with the suction space of the engine cause the air valve to be gradually raised in the same-measure as the engine gathers speed and the suction of its piston increases, thereby uncovering or Clearing the inlet L1 of the main air supply chamber to a corresponding extent and permit-ting an increased amount of air'to pass the gasolene nozzles and through the lower end of the mixing tube to meet the increasingneeds of the engine. `When the speed of the engine is very high, the suction of its piston becomes suiiiciently strong to raise the air valve U up to a point where its auxiliary air port-s are arranged within a branch passage u, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. l, thereby causing air to pass not only from the main air supply chamber to the lower end of the mixing tube, but also through the ports u of the main valve, the auxiliary air supply chamber P and ports p int-o the upper part or outlet end of the mixing tube, thereby adjusting the air supply and adapting the mixture of air and gasolene to suit the requirements of the engine at this time. When the speed of the engine again de creases and its suction is reduced, the spring V pushes `the air valve downwardly so that its ports u are covered by the solid part of the Valve guideway T, -whereby the air supply for the carbureter is again confined to the lower end of the vmixing tube.

For the purpose of permitting of throttling the carbureter and varying the volume of mixture which is delivered to the engine according to the speed which is desired, or

other conditions, means are provided where' by the mixture from one or more of the gasolene nozzles and mixing passages may be delivered to the engine. The preferred means fory this purpose as shown in the drawings are constructed as follows: lV,

represents a disk-shaped throttle-valve engaging its underside with a seat on the upper side of the head of the mixing tube and pivotally supported so as to be capable ofrotary movement relatively thereto concentric with the post and the mixture outlet chamber, this being preferably effected by means of an upwardly-projecting annular flange W1 arranged at the outer edge of the throttle-valve disk and engaging with the bore of the mixture outlet chamber, and

an opening fw formed in-the hub ofthis valve and fitting over the shank m2 at the upper end of the post. The disk of this 'valve is provided with a plurality of ports w1, '102, lw3 corresponding in number to the ports vin the head of the mixing tube. The

relative construction and. arrangement of the ports w1, 102, w3 of the Ithrottle valve and the ports q1, g2, g3 inf-the head of thel mixing tube is such/that when the throttle valve is turned to its extreme backward position, as shown in Fig. 4e, all of the corresponding pairs of ports of the throttle valve and mixing tube will be completely out of register in which position of the parts the ycarbureter is entirely shut oft'. Upon turningl the throttle valve forwardly or in the direction ofthearrow in Figs. 4 7, its port w1 will registerv with or partly overlap the port g1 on the head of the mix-` ing tube and therefore permit air and gasolene to pass upwardly only through the corresponding mixing passage, as shown in Fig. `5. Upon continuing to turn the throttle valveanother step in the same direction the ports/w1, g1 will increase the area of their registration and the ort w2 of the throttle valvewill be moved into register with the port g2 of the mixing tube head, as shown in Fig. 6, thereby causing air and gasolene to Vbe also drawn through an additional or second mixing passage. Upon moving the throttle valve to its foremost position, as shown in Fig. 7, the port w3 of the throttle valve will also be moved int-o register with the .port g3 of the mixing tube head and thereby add the third mixing passage to the other two passages, and thus obtain the maximum capacity of the carbureter.` This turning of the throttle valve maybe ef-I fected in various ways, the means for this purpose shown in the drawings consisting of an arm m projecting laterally from this valve through a segmental slot m1 in the adjacent part of the shell O. The front end of this slot preferably operatesas a front stop which is engaged by the arm w for limiting the forward movement of the throttle Valve. For the purpose of permitting the backward movement of this valve to be arrested at different points for varying the minimum amount of fuel mixture which is supplied to the engine and also to prevent the fuel supply frombeing entirely cut off,

anf adjustable stop device is provided which preferably consists of a screwyl arranged on the shifting arm w and adapted to engage with a lug y1 on the adjacent part' of the shell O, as shown in Fig. 7. Vhen in use the stop screw y is preferably so adjusted that it arrests the backward movement of the valve disk W before the ports Q1, w1 are entirelyl closed, which permits the operator to slow down the engine by throwing the valve disk W back as far as it will go without exercising any care for this purpose and still avoiding shutting off the supply of fuel entirely and stopping the engine, as shown in Fig. 5. kThe throttle valve is preferably held yieldingly against its seat on the upper side of the mixing tube head by means of a spring y2 surrounding the reduced part of the shank of the' post and bearing at its lower end against the hub ofthe throttlev valve while its 'upper' end bears against a screw nutg3 on said shank, as shownin Fig. 1. A

For the purpose of rendering the passage K and ports k3 accessible for cleaning, these two ports are arranged in line with the passage K, the bottom of the air supply chamber L is provided with a radial opening .a arranged diametrically opposite the passage K and above the upper side of said bottom and the outer wall of the main air inlet L1 is also provided with an opening .al arranged in line with the opening a, ports 7c3 and passageK. Normally the openings a, al are closed by screws a2, z3 but when the 'ports-"lc3 and passage K require cleaning,

these screws are removed, the air valve is raised and the needle valve is lowered so as to permit a wire or other cleaning device to lbe passed successively through. the openings 21, a, ports k3 and passage K for removing any obstruction within this passage andthe ports.

The construction of my improved carbureter is such that the same 'can be very readily dismembered and assembled for inspection, cleaning or repairs, it permits of mixing the air and gasolene'with the greatest thoroughness and renders it possible to readily adjust the volume of the mixture to suit the requirements of the engine or the power which it is desired to develop, there- -by not o'nly economizing in the use of gasolene but. also insuring uniformity in the operation of the engine.

I claim as my invention:

l. A carbureter comprising a mixing tube provided with aI plurality o f spiral partitions which divide the same into a plurality of spiral longitudinal mixing passages, and means for supplying air and gasolene to said passages. 2. A carbureter comprising an' air inlet chamber provided with a gasolene supply passage in its bottom, a coupling tube extending through the bottom of the air inlet chamber and connected with said passage,

a post connected with said coupling tube and provided with a pluraltyof gasolene delivery. openings which communicate with said coupling tubwe, :and amixing tube surrounding said post 'andhaving a plurality of partitions whereby the sameis divided into la plurality of mixing passages which communicate with' said air inlet and each of which receives gasolene from one of said delivery openings.

'chamber provided with a gasolene supply l3. A carbureter comprising an air inlet passage in its bottom, a coupling tube extending through the bottom of the air inlet chamber and'conne'cted with said passage and provided with a main seat, avvalve needle mounte in said coupling tube and movable toward and from said seat for regulatingthe supply of gasolene, a post connected with said coupling asolene valve tube and provided with a plurality of laterally projecting gasolene delivery nozzles which .communicate with said coupling tube, and a mixing tube surrounding said post and having a plurality of longitudinal partitions` forming mixing passages which rcceive air from said inletschamber and each of which receives one of said gasolene nozzles.

4. A carbureter comprising a mixing tube having a main air inlet at one end, a mixture' outlet at its opposite end and an auxiliary air inlet port near the mixture outlet thereof, a main air supply chamber having an air inlet port and communicating with the inlet of said mixing tube, an auxiliary air supply chamber communicating with said auxiliary air port, and a valve extending normally partway across the inlet of said main air supply chamber and exposed to the suction of the engine through said auxiliary air port and supply chamber for moving said valve away from the inlet of the main air supply chamber.

5. A carbureter comprising a mixing tube having a main air inlet at oneend, a mixture outlet at its opposite end an an auxiliary air inlet port near the mixture outlet thereof, a main air supply chamber hav-ing an air inlet port and communicating with the inlet of said mixing tube, an auxiliary air supply chamber' communicating with said auxiliary air port, a valve guideway communicating at opposite ends with the inlet of the main air supplyvchamber and at its opposite end with the auxiliary air supply chamber, a cylindrical valve extending normally partway across said mainair inlet and provided with supplemental air ports which in the depressed position of the valve are closed by the bore ofsaid guideway 'but which in the elevated position of the Valve open into the auxiliary4` air chamber and place the same in communication with the inlet ofthe main air supply chamber, said valve being adapted to be raised by the suction of the engine through said auxiliary port and air supply chamber, and a spring forV holding said va'lve yieldlngly in-its depressed position.

6. A carbureter comprising an air supplying chamber provided at-its side with an air inlet and in its bottom with an upright -tube opening and provided with a horizontal gasolcne supply passage connecting with one lside of said opening, an inner clearing opening connecting-withsaid tubev opemng diametrically opposite the ga'solene supply. passage and also havin an outer vclearing opening at the outer side of said air inlet in line with the ,inner clearing opening, plugs ,for normally closing sai clearing openings, a Vertical tube arranged in said tube opening and connected by ports v'vith said horizontal gasolene supply passage, a gasolene distributing chamber connected with the upper end of said tube and provided with a gasolene delivery nozzle, and a mixing tube openin at its lower end into said air supply cham er and inclosing said delivery nozzle.

Witness my hand this 22d day of Novein- THEO. L. PoPP, ANNA HEIGIS. 

